Abstract Whether metabolites derived from injured renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) participate in renal fibrosis is poorly explored. After TEC injury. various metabolites are released and among the most potent is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). which is released via ATP-permeable channels. https://www.kingarte.com/product-category/food-servicecommercial-kitchen-equipmentcooking-equipmentcommercial-deep-fryerselectric-fryers/